TNF-alpha

Gene Synonyms:

Protein Names:

Organism:

Homo sapiens (Human)

Mass (kDa):

25644

Length (aa):

233

Sequence:

MSTESMIRDVELAEEALPKKTGGPQGSRRCLFLSLFSFLIVAGATTLFCLLHFGVIGPQREEFPRDLSLISPLAQAVRSSSRTPSDKPVAHVVANPQAEGQLQWLNRRANALLANGVELRDNQLVVPSEGLYLIYSQVLFKGQGCPSTHVLLTHTISRIAVSYQTKVNLLSAIKSPCQRETPEGAEAKPWYEPIYLGGVFQLEKGDRLSAEINRPDYLDFAESGQVYFGIIAL

Proteomics (Proteome ID):

Tumor necrosis factor (Cachectin) (TNF-alpha) (Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2) (TNF-a) [Cleaved into: Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form (N-terminal fragment) (NTF); Intracellular domain 1 (ICD1); Intracellular domain 2 (ICD2); C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]

Proteomics (Chromosome):

UP000005640

Mass Spectrometry:

N/A

Function [CC]:

Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918, PubMed:16829952, PubMed:23396208). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P06804, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16829952, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22517918, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23396208}.; The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16829952}.

Metal Binding:

N/A

Site:

SITE 35 36 Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B.; SITE 39 40 Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B.; SITE 49 50 Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B.; SITE 51 52 Cleavage; by SPPL2A or SPPL2B.; SITE 76 77 Cleavage; by ADAM17.

Tissue Specificity:

N/A

Disease:

Psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS) [MIM:607507]: An inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild, non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes; asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a rheumatoid like pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12746914}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Mutagenesis:

MUTAGEN 105 105 L->S: Low activity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.; MUTAGEN 108 108 R->W: Biologically inactive. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.; MUTAGEN 112 112 L->F: Biologically inactive. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.; MUTAGEN 160 160 A->V: Biologically inactive. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.; MUTAGEN 162 162 S->F: Biologically inactive. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.; MUTAGEN 167 167 V->A,D: Biologically inactive. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.; MUTAGEN 222 222 E->K: Biologically inactive. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2009860}.

Name:

Tumor necrosis factor (Cachectin) (TNF-alpha) (Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2) (TNF-a) [Cleaved into: Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form (N-terminal fragment) (NTF); Intracellular domain 1 (ICD1); Intracellular domain 2 (ICD2); C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]

Class:

Subcategory:

Recombinant

Source:

Species:

Human

Amino Acid Sequence:

Tag:

Format:

Lyophilized

Formulation:

Sterile-filtered colorless solution

Formulation Concentration:

1mg/ml

Buffer Volume:

Standard

Buffer Solution:

PBS

pH:

7.4-7.5

NaCl:

Null

EDTA:

Null

Purity:

> 98%

Determined:

SDS-PAGE

Stained:

Inquire

Validated:

RP-HPLC

Storage:

-20°C

Stability:

This bioreagent is stable at 4°C (short-term) and -70°C(long-term). After reconstitution, sample may be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days and below -18°C for future use.

Preparation:

Reconstitute in sterile distilled H2O to no less than 100ug/ml; dilute reconstituted stock further in other aqueous solutions if needed. Please review COA for lot-specific instructions. Final measurements should be determined by the end-user for optimal performance.