CTLA-4

Gene Synonyms:

Protein Names:

Organism:

Homo sapiens (Human)

Mass (kDa):

24656

Length (aa):

223

Sequence:

MACLGFQRHKAQLNLATRTWPCTLLFFLLFIPVFCKAMHVAQPAVVLASSRGIASFVCEYASPGKATEVRVTVLRQADSQVTEVCAATYMMGNELTFLDDSICTGTSSGNQVNLTIQGLRAMDTGLYICKVELMYPPPYYLGIGNGTQIYVIDPEPCPDSDFLLWILAAVSSGLFFYSFLLTAVSLSKMLKKRSPLTTGVYVKMPPTEPECEKQFQPYFIPIN

Proteomics (Proteome ID):

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) (CTLA-4) (CD antigen CD152)

Proteomics (Chromosome):

UP000005640

Mass Spectrometry:

N/A

Function [CC]:

Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16551244, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1714933}.

Metal Binding:

N/A

Site:

N/A

Tissue Specificity:

Widely expressed with highest levels in lymphoid tissues. Detected in activated T-cells where expression levels are 30- to 50-fold less than CD28, the stimulatory coreceptor, on the cell surface following activation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10493833, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16551244, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1713603}.

Disease:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [MIM:152700]: A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15138458, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15688186}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; Note=Genetic variations in CTLA4 may influence susceptibility to Graves disease, an autoimmune disorder associated with overactivity of the thyroid gland and hyperthyroidism. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10924276}.; Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 12 (IDDM12) [MIM:601388]: A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. Clinical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9259273}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; Celiac disease 3 (CELIAC3) [MIM:609755]: A multifactorial, chronic disorder of the small intestine caused by intolerance to gluten. It is characterized by immune-mediated enteropathy associated with failed intestinal absorption, and malnutrition. In predisposed individuals, the ingestion of gluten-containing food such as wheat and rye induces a flat jejunal mucosa with infiltration of lymphocytes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10189842, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15657618}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.; Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome 5 (ALPS5) [MIM:616100]: An autosomal dominant primary immunodeficiency characterized by severe autoimmunity, infiltration of non-lymphoid organs, such as the intestine, lungs and brain, by hyperactive T cells and B cells, autoimmune cytopenias, and hypogammaglobulinemia in early childhood. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25213377, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25329329}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Mutagenesis:

MUTAGEN 45 45 V->D: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 47 47 L->D: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 49 49 S->A: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 70 70 R->A,D: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 130 130 K->A,D: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 132 132 E->A,R: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 139 139 Y->A,D: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.; MUTAGEN 143 143 I->A,D: Strongly reduced interaction with CD80, CD86 and ICOSLG. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28484017}.

Name:

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) (CTLA-4) (CD antigen CD152)

Class:

Subcategory:

Recombinant

Source:

Species:

Human

Amino Acid Sequence:

Tag:

Format:

Lyophilized

Formulation:

Sterile-filtered colorless solution

Formulation Concentration:

1mg/ml

Buffer Volume:

Standard

Buffer Solution:

PBS

pH:

7.4-7.5

NaCl:

Null

EDTA:

Null

Purity:

> 98%

Determined:

SDS-PAGE

Stained:

Inquire

Validated:

RP-HPLC

Storage:

-20°C

Stability:

This bioreagent is stable at 4°C (short-term) and -70°C(long-term). After reconstitution, sample may be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days and below -18°C for future use.

Preparation:

Reconstitute in sterile distilled H2O to no less than 100ug/ml; dilute reconstituted stock further in other aqueous solutions if needed. Please review COA for lot-specific instructions. Final measurements should be determined by the end-user for optimal performance.