Beta strand (5); Chain (1); Compositional bias (1); DNA binding (2); Disulfide bond (1); Helix (7); Modified residue (26); Motif (2); Mutagenesis (14); Natural variant (4); Region (6); Sequence conflict (2); Site (2); Proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and cancer. High serum levels are found in several inflammatory events including sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, artherosclerosis chronic kidney disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Seems to be implicated in other diseases characterized by cell death and damage, including diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Its nucleosome-associated release during secondary necrosis may play a role in SLE (PubMed:19064698). During chemotherapy can mediate regrowth and metastasis of remaining cells in a AGER/RAGE-depenedent manner (PubMed:23040637). Purified HMG box 1 acts as a specific antagonist to HGMB1 pro-inflammatory activities (PubMed:14695889). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14695889, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23040637, ECO:0000305, ECO:0000305|PubMed:19064698, ECO:0000305|PubMed:24220159, ECO:0000305|PubMed:26078984}.; Ubiquituous. Expressed in platelets (PubMed:11154118). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11154118}.